What Is Diabetes.
Diabetes is the critical mildew caused by the genetic people: the luck of building the mildew of the pancreas. If your family is unprotected to the disease, review this essay to acknowledge symptoms of diabetes as shortly as possible.
The sort we diabetes
Type we is great well known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). It is rebate usual to the USA yet is the most critical as great as customarily develops inside of the couple of days or weeks. In DID, miss of insulin ensuing from the drop of beta cells. Symptoms compared with DID have been so graphic which they frequency leave any disbelief of diagnosis. They have been as follows:
Polyurie: urinate mostly as great as in vast quantities is the classical pointer of diabetes, as the physique liquid rushes by the kidney to intermix the tall levels of sugarine in the urine.
Polydipsie: An surprising lust is the full of illness outcome of as great revisit urination: the body, it shows the detriment of fluids to be replaced. Dehydration in the destiny begin if the condition is not taken sooner.
Polyphagia: This feeling of impassioned craving stems from the idea which the physique dies of craving since glucose is not reaching the cells to yield desperately indispensable energy.
A quick weight loss: Most Type we patients have been during or subsequent their preferred weight. When starts DID, May unexpected they remove some-more weight up to fifteen pounds in the singular week even if they May some-more than sufficient to eat as great as have the great appetite. The miss of insulin equates to which the calories in the form of glucose, have been sent by the urine as great as the physique starts to bake fat reserves.
FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE (FPG) TEST:- The FPG exam has turn the singular of the most renouned diabetes tests. The categorical obstacle with the FPG exam is which it is not befitting to exam for gestational diabetes (a form of diabetes which develops during pregnancy). However, if we have been not profound the chances have been which your alloy will have use of this exam to have their diagnosis.
To proceed we will be scheduled in for the FPG test. Your alloy will need we to eat zero for during slightest 8 hours before to the test. During the exam they will take the red blood representation as great as magnitude your red blood glucose levels. They will afterwards break down in to parts the red blood representation as great as diagnose we formed upon the following rules:
- A red blood sugarine spin of 99 milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL) or rebate = Normal.
- A red blood sugarine spin of in between 100 mg/dL as great as 125 mg/dL = Impaired Fasting Glucose (a form of pre-diabetes which if left untreated can climb in to sort 2 diabetes).
- A red blood sugarine spin of 126 mg/dL or larger = Type 1 or sort 2 diabetes. In this e.g. we will be since an additional FPG for accuracy. If both FPGs indicate which we have diabetes your alloy will examine serve as great as diagnose we with sort 1 or sort 2 diabetes
The doubts of diabetes approach down upon their list of dreaded diseases with Cancer commanding the list as great as Heart mildew entrance in the tighten next. The fears of the people were utterly impractical with the lot of them fearing craft crashes as great as shark bites blissfully unknowingly of the threats they run when it cones to diabetes.
49% of the people fright cancer some-more than they do any additional disease. Only 6% feared or unequivocally were wakeful of the threats of diabetes. This is notwithstanding 10% of the race being diagnose with the small spin of red blood sugarine troubles during their lives as great as being insist the risk of the mildew perceptible itself.
Among the people polled 4% feared shark attacks some-more than something else, 13% feared lizard bites as great as 8% were aroused of spider attacks. When ask about diabetes they were during the detriment for difference as great as never knew anything about the disease. They were subsequent the feeling which diabetes is the mildew the singular is innate with genetic they believe. So if they do not have it they will not get it. Nothing is additional from the reality. Diabetes is the unequivocally genuine risk with outcome which operation from kidney failure, heart disaster as great as the lot of some-more complications which embody corner as great as haughtiness pains.
Health check experts around the universe have been of the unanimous perspective which if the singular leads the full of illness lifestyle with plenty practice they can equivocate diabetes the most glorious approach advice.
Diabetes Basics - What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects as many as 16 million Americans. For reasons that are not yet clear, diabetes is increasing in our population to the point where public health authorities are calling diabetes an "epidemic" that requires urgent attention.
Of the 16 million people with diabetes, about one-third of them don't even know they have it. Every year, 800,000 additional cases are diagnosed. It affects over six percent of the population now, and it is projected that nearly nine percent of all Americans will have diabetes by the year 2025. Health care costs for diabetes are estimated to be nearly $100 billion per year in the US.
People with diabetes are unable to use the glucose in their food for energy. The glucose accumulates in the bloodstream, where it can damage the heart, kidneys, eyes and nerves. Left untreated, diabetes can develop devastating complications. It is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the United States.
However, the good news is that with proper care, people with diabetes can lead normal, satisfying lives. Much of this care is "self-managed," meaning that if you have this condition, you must take day-to-day responsibility for your own care.
Most important to managing the disease is to know as much about it as you can. The first thing to know is what kind of diabetes you have. There are three types:
•Type 1 diabetes
•Type 2 diabetes
•Gestational diabetes
Diabetes Basics - Diabetes Symptoms
Type 1 Diabetes Symptoms
The symptoms of Type I diabetes often come on suddenly and very severely. They include:
•being exceptionally thirsty
•dry mouth
•the need to urinate often
•weight loss (even though you may be hungry and eating well)
•feeling weak and tired
•blurry vision
Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms
Sometimes, people with Type II diabetes don't notice any symptoms or the symptoms are experienced gradually. They include:
•blurry vision
•cuts or sores that are slow to heal
•itchy skin, yeast infections
•increased thirst
•dry mouth
•need to urinate often
•leg pain
Diabetes Basics - Diagnosis
The only way you can be sure you have diabetes is by getting a test. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) now recommends that everyone over age 45 should have a fasting plasma glucose test. If test results are normal, the test should be repeated every three years. If you have risk factors for diabetes, you should be tested at a younger age and more often. The high risk factors include:
•Being more than 20 percent above your ideal body weight or having a body mass index (BMI) of greater than or equal to 27. The BMI is the ratio of weight in kilograms to height in meters squared. Your doctor can give you information on your BMI.
•Calculate Your Body Mass Index.
•Having a mother, father, brother or sister with diabetes.
•Being African American, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander American, Hispanic, Native or Asian American.
•Giving birth to a baby weighing more than 9 lbs or having diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes).
•Having an HDL cholesterol level less than 35 mg/dL (HDL is the 'good' cholesterol) or trigylcerides (certain kinds of body fat) greater than 250 mg/dL.
•Having blood pressure at or above 140/90 millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
•Having abnormal glucose levels when previously tested for diabetes.
Fasting Plasma Glucose
This is the preferred test for diabetes. To have this test, you have to fast at least eight hours or overnight. You will have a blood sample drawn and examined for glucose. Most people have a level between 70 and 110 milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood. A level of 126 mg/dl or higher on two tests given on two different days confirms a diagnosis of diabetes. (Previously a level of 140 mg/dl or higher was used to diagnose diabetes, but in 1997, the guidelines were revised because by the time a person got a diagnoses of diabetes with a level of 140 mg/dl, serious damage to the body had often already occurred. By lowering the diagnostic levels to 126 mg/dl, early control of the disease can begin and risk of complications is lower.)
Random Blood Glucose Test
You don't have to fast to have this test, which is sometimes used if symptoms are present. Blood samples are taken shortly after eating or drinking. A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dl or higher points to diabetes, but it must be confirmed on another day with a fasting plasma glucose, an oral glucose tolerance test or another random blood glucose of over 200.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
For this test you have to fast at least eight hours and not have smoked or drank coffee. Your fasting plasma glucose is tested from a blood sample. After the test you will be asked to drink a sweet glucose syrup and then your glucose level will be measured from a blood sample taken two hours after you drink the liquid. There can be up to four blood samples taken to measure the blood glucose level. The American Diabetes Association expert committee recommends that this test be eliminated because it is a difficult and time-consuming test.
Glucose Challenge
This is a test your doctor may give you to see if you have gestational diabetes, diabetes developed during pregnancy. You may be given this test if you are age 25 or older, are overweight, have a close relative with diabetes or if you are Hispanic, Native American, Asian or African American or a Pacific Islander. This test is given between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy. You will be given a glucose drink and if an hour later, your glucose is 140 mg/dl or higher, your doctor may suspect gestational diabetes. You may then be given an oral glucose tolerance test.
Impaired Fasting Glucose
Impaired fasting glucose is a new diagnostic category. If your blood sugar is measured between 110 and 125 mg/dL, it means you have impaired fasting glucose. This means your blood sugar is greater than normal, but less than the level of a person diagnosed with diabetes. It's thought that around 13.4 million adults, about 7 percent of the US population, have impaired fasting glucose. It's suspected that some people with impaired fasting glucose go on to develop diabetes. Talk to your doctor to see if exercise and eating a healthy diet will bring your blood sugar closer to normal.
Diabetes Basics - Complications of Diabetes
Heart Disease and Stroke Diabetic Kidney Disease Hypertension and Diabetic Kidney Disease Diabetic Eye Disease Diabetic Neuropathy Gastroparesis Diffuse Neuropathy
Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are associated with long-term complications that threaten life and the quality of life. The disease is the leading cause of adult blindness, end-stage kidney disease(ESRD) and amputations (as a result of nerve disease).
People with diabetes are two to four times more likely to have coronary heart disease and stroke than people who don't have it. Diabetes complicates pregnancy and results in more birth defects than babies born to women without the disease.
•Heart disease is the leading cause of diabetes-related deaths. Adults with diabetes have heart disease death rates about two to four times higher than adults without diabetes.
•The risk of stroke is two to four times higher.
•An estimated 60 to 65 percent of people with diabetes have high blood pressure.
•Diabetes is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in adults 20 to 24 years old.
•More than half the limb amputations in the United States occur among people with diabetes.
It's important to know how serious the complications of diabetes can be. If you have diabetes, you will be the person most responsible for working to avoid the worst effects of the disease. You will want to know about these problems so that you can be alert to detecting them and preventing them. Diabetes care is a 24-hour-a-day effort, and preventing complications is worth establishing good self-care routines. The most effective way to avoid complications from either type of diabetes is to keep your blood sugar levels as close to normal as you can. Click on Benefits of Tight Control.
Symptoms of Diabetes
The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Diabetes includes the 64 symptoms listed below:
No early symptoms - many people have Type 2 diabetes without knowing it
Early mild symptoms - from moderate blood sugars (which are still dangerous and lead to serious complications):
Abscess
Skin rashes
Skin infections
Athlete's foot
Poor skin healing
Urinary tract infections
Candida
Thrush
Dry itchy skin
Flaky skin
Skin ulcers
Skin boils
Peripheral neuropathy
Paresthesias
Foot tingling
Foot numbness
Hand tingling
Hand numbness
Blurred vision
Sexual problems
Erectile failure
Unusual vaginal dryness
Premature menopause
Absent periods
Poor healing - any type of difficulty healing of minor infections, injury or after surgery.
Weight loss
Weight gain
Drowsiness
Malaise
Later more extreme symptoms when blood sugars get higher:
Excessive thirst
Excessive urination
Dehydration
Bed wetting - in children
Excessive hunger
Tiredness
Weight loss
Severe blurred vision
Muscle cramps
Muscle aches
Headaches
Irritability
Tiredness
Fatigue
Muscle weakness
Acne - often worsens from diabetes and improves once sugars controlled
Sexual problems
Erectile failure
Unusual vaginal dryness
Absent menstrual periods
Persistent fungal skin infections
Athlete's foot
Tinea
Thrush (Candida)
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) - a very severe life-threatening complication of high blood sugars.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - a very severe life-threatening complication of high blood sugars, requiring emergency treatment, which has very severe symptoms:
Nausea
Vomiting
Sweet-smelling fruity acetone breath
Breathing difficulty
Rapid Pulse
Abdominal pain - usually in children
Diabetes Diet
Diet plays a significant role in controlling the diabetes. The diabetic diet may be used alone or else in combination with insulin doses or with oral hypoglycemic drugs. Main objective of diabetic diet is to maintain ideal body weight, by providing adequate nutrition along with normal blood sugar levels in blood. The diet plan for a diabetic is based on height, weight, age, sex, physical activity and nature of diabetes. While planning diet, the dietician has to consider complications such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels.
With respect to the above factors, a dietician will assess calories to be given, like scheming the carbohydrates, proteins, fats, type of carbohydrate, amount of fiber and so on.
Exchange meal plan is a diet program which balances the amount of carbohydrate that we intake per day. Glucose is a sugar released from carbohydrate so, if we want to control blood sugar we have to limit the consumption of simple carbohydrate. Carbohydrate foods are given as value per portion, known as the exchange. This plan helps us to decide on the type of food to be taken, the amount of food and also the time to eat. You can plan for more flexible meals as you get more knowledge about the diet for a diabetic, may be like the counting carbohydrate meal plan or constant carbohydrate. But there is no common diet that works for everyone. Nor is there any particular diet that works perfectly for any diabetic over a long period. While planning diabetes diet we should adhere to certain important factors, they are as follows:
Fiber should be at least 1.4 oz / day
Instead of 3 heavy meals, we should go for 4-5 small mid intervals
Replace bakery products and fast foods by simple whole cooked cereals, and don't eat carbohydrates 2 hours before bedtime
Consume fresh fruit and vegetables at least 5 exchange/ day
Diabetics always need to take care of their diet and also about the food they eat. Care has to be taken because all foods contain not only carbohydrate, but also some energy value. Protein and fat available in the food are converted to glucose in the body. This glucose has some effect on the blood sugar level, which has to be taken care of. Furthermore, you needn’t have to eat only the bland boring diet. Instead, you can eat more fruits, vegetables and whole grains. All it means is that you need to select foods that are high in nutrition and low in calories.
Fats (Limit to 1 serving per meal) A serving can be:-
10 Peanuts.
1 Tbsp Salad Dresssing
2 Tbsp light salad dressing or saur cream.
1 Tsp margarine, Oil or mayonnaise.
1/8 Avocado.
Sweets (Substitute for starch or fruit serving occasionally) A serving can be:-
2 Small Cookies.
1 Small Cupcake or Muffin
½ Cup Ice cream.
1/3 Cup Frozen Yoghurt.
¼ Cup Sherbet.
1 tsp Syrup or Honey.
Milk (2-3 Servings per day) A serving can be:
1 cup Milk.
1 Cup Low Fat.
1 Cup Artificially Sweetened yogurt (No sugar)
Meat / Fish/Chicken (2-3 Serving per day) A serving can be:
2 oz Cooked Lean Meat/Poultry/Fish.
½ - ¾ Cup Tuna or Cottage Cheese.
1 Egg or 4 oz Tofu or 1 oz cheese.
2 Tbsp peanut Butter.
Vegetables (3-5 Serving Per day) A Serving can be:
1 Cup Raw Vegetables.
½ Cup Cooked Vegetables.
½ Cup Tomato or Vegetable Juice.
Fruits (3 Serving per Day) A Serving Can be:
70 gm small fruit.
½ Cup canned fruit.
¼ cup Dried Fruit.
½ Cup Fruit Juice. (No sugar)
Grains, Starchy Vegetables and Beans. (6 plus Servings Per Day) A Serving Can be:-
1 Slice of 1 oz bread or ½ (1 oz) Bagel or 5 Crackers or 1 Granola bar.
½ Hamburger or Hot dog Bun or a tortilla of 6 inch or 2 tacos.
½ Cup Cooked Cereal, Cooked beans, Lentils, Corn, Peas, S. Potato, Potato or Pasta.
1 Cup winter Squash, 1 Cup Soup.
1/3 Cup Rice or 3 Cup Plain Popcorn (Fat free)
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